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The climax occurs when Don Paeng, attempting to assert his patriarchal dominance, tries to force Lupeng to break away from the ritual. However, Lupeng confronts her husband, asserting her autonomy and identifying with the primal, spiritual, and physical power of the Tadtarin , culminating in a complete role reversal where Paeng submits to her. Major Themes in "The Summer Solstice" 1. Gender Equality and Power Dynamics

A traditional symbol of mystery, magic, and spirits in Filipino folklore.

Doña Lupeng, an uptight, wealthy woman, initially feels repulsed by the "vulgar" rituals of the St. John’s festival , which celebrates male virility.