Option B: The Structural Array Model (Recommended for academic/gate-level mastery)

These are "tree multipliers" that reduce the partial products in parallel, significantly lowering the propagation delay compared to a standard array. Wallace Tree

module seq_multiplier ( input clk, reset, start, input [7:0] a, b, output reg [15:0] product, output reg done ); reg [2:0] state; reg [7:0] temp_a; reg [7:0] temp_b; reg [15:0] result; always @(posedge clk) begin if (reset) begin // reset logic end else case(state) // shift-add algorithm over 8 cycles endcase end